Hepatolithiasis
Stones within the intrahepatic bile ducts causing recurrent cholangitis.
Overview
Hepatolithiasis means the presence of stones within the bile ducts inside the liver. These intrahepatic stones cause recurrent bile duct infections (cholangitis), blockages, and, over time, can lead to liver damage and a small risk of bile duct cancer. Treatment aims to clear the stones and ensure good bile drainage.
Causes
- Bile stasis and infection within the liver ducts
- Bile duct strictures
- Congenital duct abnormalities
- Parasitic infections (in endemic areas)
- Previous biliary surgery
Risk Factors
- Recurrent biliary infections
- Bile duct strictures
- Certain geographic regions (East Asia)
- Previous bile duct surgery
Symptoms
Diagnosis
- Ultrasound abdomen
- MRCP (maps the ducts and stones)
- CT abdomen
- ERCP
- Liver function tests
Treatment Options
Surgical Treatment
Treatment is tailored to the location and extent of stones. Options include endoscopic or percutaneous stone extraction, and, when stones and damage are confined to one part of the liver, surgical liver resection offers the best long-term cure. Dr. Bhagat, trained in liver resection, manages these complex cases with attention to clearing stones and correcting any underlying strictures.
Recovery
Recovery depends on the treatment. Endoscopic procedures allow quick discharge; liver resection involves a 5–7 day hospital stay with recovery over several weeks. Long-term follow-up detects recurrence early.
Prevention
- Prompt treatment of biliary infections
- Correction of bile duct strictures
- Regular follow-up after treatment
- Good bile drainage after surgery
Frequently Asked Questions
Why do stones form inside the liver?
Is liver surgery always needed?
Expert Consultation Available
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