Gallstones
Hard deposits that form in the gallbladder, causing pain and digestive issues when they block bile flow.
Overview
Gallstones are hardened deposits of digestive fluid that form in the gallbladder. They can range from as small as a grain of sand to as large as a golf ball. Some people develop one gallstone, while others develop many at the same time.
Causes
- Excess cholesterol in bile
- Excess bilirubin in bile
- Gallbladder not emptying properly
- Concentrated bile due to bile duct blockage
Risk Factors
- Female gender (2-3x higher risk)
- Age over 40 years
- Obesity or rapid weight loss
- Family history of gallstones
- High-fat, high-cholesterol diet
- Diabetes mellitus
- Pregnancy
- Certain medications (cholesterol-lowering drugs)
Symptoms
Diagnosis
- Abdominal ultrasound (primary diagnostic tool)
- CT scan for complications
- MRCP (Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography)
- Endoscopic ultrasound
- Blood tests (liver function, bilirubin, amylase)
Treatment Options
Surgical Treatment
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (keyhole surgery) is the gold standard treatment. The entire gallbladder is removed through 3-4 small incisions. The procedure takes 30-60 minutes with same-day or next-day discharge. Dr. Bhagat performs this routinely with excellent outcomes.
Recovery
Most patients return to normal activities within 1 week. Light work can be resumed in 3-5 days. Heavy lifting should be avoided for 2-4 weeks. Diet can be gradually normalized over 2-4 weeks.
Prevention
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Eat a balanced diet rich in fiber
- Avoid rapid weight loss or crash diets
- Exercise regularly
- Limit high-fat and fried foods
Frequently Asked Questions
Can gallstones be treated without surgery?
Is gallbladder removal safe?
What diet should I follow after gallbladder removal?
Expert Consultation Available
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