Choledochal Cyst
Congenital dilation of the bile duct with risk of malignant transformation.
Overview
A choledochal cyst is a congenital (present from birth) abnormal widening of the bile ducts. Although often diagnosed in childhood, some cases present in adulthood. Because of a small but real risk of cancer developing in the cyst wall, complete surgical removal with biliary reconstruction is recommended.
Causes
- Congenital malformation of the bile ducts
- Abnormal junction of the bile and pancreatic ducts (allowing pancreatic juice reflux)
Risk Factors
- Present from birth
- More common in females
- More common in Asian populations
Symptoms
Diagnosis
- Ultrasound abdomen
- MRCP (best test to map cyst anatomy)
- CT abdomen
- ERCP
- Liver function tests
Treatment Options
Surgical Treatment
The standard treatment is complete surgical excision of the cyst followed by reconstruction of the bile drainage, usually with a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. Removing the cyst eliminates the cancer risk and prevents recurrent infections. Dr. Bhagat performs these complex biliary reconstructions, offering minimally invasive approaches where appropriate.
Recovery
Hospital stay is typically 5–8 days. Most patients return to normal activity within 4–6 weeks. Long-term follow-up monitors the biliary reconstruction. Complete excision offers excellent long-term outcomes.
Prevention
- Cannot be prevented as it is congenital
- Early diagnosis and complete excision prevent complications and cancer
- Regular follow-up after surgery
Frequently Asked Questions
Why does a choledochal cyst need to be removed?
Can the surgery be done laparoscopically?
Expert Consultation Available
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