Carcinoma of Appendix
A rare malignancy of the appendix, often discovered incidentally during appendectomy.
Overview
Appendiceal carcinoma is a rare cancer of the appendix, often discovered incidentally when the appendix is removed for suspected appendicitis. Treatment depends on the tumor type and size, ranging from simple appendix removal to more extensive surgery. Some types can spread within the abdominal cavity and need specialised surgery.
Causes
- Malignant transformation of appendiceal cells
- Neuroendocrine tumor origin
- Mucinous or non-mucinous adenocarcinoma
Risk Factors
- Age over 40
- Family history of gastrointestinal cancers
- Certain genetic syndromes
Symptoms
Diagnosis
- Histopathology after appendicectomy (most common)
- CT abdomen and pelvis
- Colonoscopy
- Tumor markers (CEA, CA 19-9)
- MRI for peritoneal disease
Treatment Options
Surgical Treatment
For small tumors confined to the appendix tip, appendicectomy alone may be sufficient. Larger or aggressive tumors require a right hemicolectomy to remove the adjacent colon and lymph nodes. When the tumor has spread within the abdomen (peritoneal disease), cytoreductive surgery combined with heated chemotherapy (HIPEC) may be considered. Dr. Bhagat evaluates each case with a multidisciplinary team for optimal treatment.
Recovery
After a right hemicolectomy, hospital stay is typically 5–7 days with return to normal activity over 4–6 weeks. Surveillance with imaging and tumor markers follows. Prognosis is generally favourable for early-stage tumors.
Prevention
- No specific prevention exists
- Prompt evaluation of appendicitis symptoms
- Routine histology of all removed appendices
- Regular follow-up after diagnosis
Frequently Asked Questions
How is appendix cancer usually found?
Is more surgery always needed after appendix cancer is found?
Expert Consultation Available
Get personalized treatment advice from Dr. Bhagat. Book an appointment or connect via WhatsApp for a quick consultation.